What fraction of each pulse cycle the magnetic field is actually on versus off. For example, a 50% duty cycle means the field is on for half the time and off for half the time. Higher duty cycles deliver more total energy but generate more heat. Expressed as a percentage of the total cycle time.
Duty cycle is the share of each cycle the field is actually on. In every repeat the pulse is on for part of the time and off for the rest, and the on time divided by the full cycle, written as a percent, is the duty cycle. A higher duty cycle means the field is on more of the time, which delivers more energy but also builds more heat.